What Makes A Successful Person Successful - 1313 Words

What makes a successful person successful and why? How can we evolve these skills if there are any and teach it to other kids? Angela Lee Duckworth, a Ph.D. psychologist, professor and researcher at the University of Pennsylvania, did studies in Neuroanatomy, brain physiology and cognitive development. Surprisingly, the studies have shown that it was not a person’s IQ, social intelligence, talent, or physical health that drove his/her academic or professional success. Dr. Duckworth, claims, â€Å"It was grit.† According to the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, grit is â€Å"Perseverance and passion for long-term goals; grit entails working strenuously toward challenges, maintaining effort and interest over years despite failure, adversity, and plateaus in progress† (Duckworth, Peterson, Matthews, Kelly, 2007, p. 1088). Which means people with grit have a long-term goal that no matter what, despite obstacles and failures they are always motivated and working hard to achieve their goals. Duckworth also mentioned that in order to build grit in kids first we need to teach them about the brain development and plasticity which creates a growth mindset in them. Dr. Duckworth explains in her speech, that growth mindset is, â€Å"The belief that the ability to learn is not fixed, that it can be changed with your effort.† This idea was proposed by Carol S. Dweck, a psychologist professor and researcher at Stanford University. Students should adopt a growth mindset to be gritty,Show MoreRelatedWhat Makes A Successful Person?885 Words   |  4 Pagesgoal. A person who takes on a leadership role is charismatic and is open to other people’s opinions. When a leader sees a situation unfit, he is not going to bark orders around, but is going to work with the team to efficiently complete the task. Taking on a leadership role means you don’t mind being accountable for whatever may go wrong. You show no fear and is always one step ahead. You identify you and your team’s strengths and weaknesses to best come up with a plan to be successful. LeadershipRead MoreEssay On Happiness And Success864 Words   |  4 PagesAlt hough happiness is not merely associated with success, truly successful individuals first find happiness and passion for their life and career. Being successful does not necessarily mean that one has saved a lot of money or lives a luxurious life. It may mean that one has talented children, good spouse, attained high academic performance, has promising career, for example. The fact that success brings satisfaction in life makes a person feel happier because he/she can experience joy from many thingsRead MoreThe And Its Effect On Society1427 Words   |  6 Pagessilence or amidst the pity of others, and there has always been the question of whether the suffering makes us stronger as a person and leads to success, or damages us and we never truly recover. It is true, we are all different, stigmas affect us in various ways and can either aid us or hinder us; however, one thing that unites us is our courage, our belief, and our will, the will that will either make us or break us. Stren gth, it can be more than brute force, it is more than brute force, it is alsoRead MoreMy Definition of Success Essay1399 Words   |  6 Pages Do you know someone rich and famous? Is that person confident, popular, and joyful all of the time—the epitome of mainstream success? Or, on the other hand, is the person stressed, having second thoughts about his life choices, and unsure about the meaning of his life? I am willing to bet that it is the second one. Mainstream marketing and media have effectively brainwashed our society into accepting a false, even potentially dangerous definition of success. Marketers want us to believe that havingRead MoreSuccess Is Within The Individual Mind And Expectations907 Words   |  4 Pagesand expectations. The definition of success differs from just one person’s interpretation of what success means. A large block of life is spent working to become successful: acquiring an education, being able to take care of family, achieving a life’s ambition, or making money. People are told throughout childhood to work hard so they can grow up and make lots of money. Everyone asp ires to be successful at whatever we are doing: starting a new business, repairing the car, writing a term paper orRead MoreA Summary Of The Torah And Tao Te Ching1270 Words   |  6 PagesAncient text like the Torah and Tao Te Ching reveals what it means to be a successful human.  ¬There is a God who oversees the life of humans and determines if they have lived successfully. The Gods have all the power so it is necessary to get on their good side. The Torah is the story of creation and the beginning of time. The Tao Te Ching is the great book of the way of virtue. The Torah and Lao Tzu’s Tao Te Ching show that to be a successful human being it is necessary to be loyal to the God figureRead MoreThe Successful Entrepreneurs1264 Words   |  6 PagesBUSINESS MANAGEMENT ( FMG0044 ) ASSIGNMENT 1 : â€Å" THE SUCCESSFUL ENTREPRENEURS † Lecturer : Sir Azizi Name : 1) Ahmad Zul Iqmal B. Zulkifli (012012051643) 2) Khoo Chee Hong (012012050692) CONTENT 1) Introduction 2) Profile / Background of the entrepreneur 3) The success characteristics / traits of the entrepreneur 4) How should I imply his / her success attitude to improve my personal development / my life ? 5) Conclusion INTRODUCTION EntrepreneurshipRead MoreSuccess Requires Sacrifice Essay695 Words   |  3 PagesSuccess Requires Sacrifice Everyone’s goal in life is to be successful in some way, most try to attain this through a career. A successful career leads to a fortuitous reputation in society. A triumphant career also puts a person well off in the money department, which everyone needs to survive in today’s society. With everything success brings there is something that has to be given up or set aside. To have a successful career a person would have to give up social time, time with family, and mostRead MoreWhat Is A Successful Manager?1734 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is a successful manager? Is it one that can lead their company to thrive, or is it a manger that can rally the employees to provide quality work? A manager is a person who is responsible for supervising and motivating employees and for directing the progress of the company. A successful manager usually means happy employees and a successful company. The successful manager must possess certain qualities and skills in order to be succe ssful. However, most people who are managers, have beenRead MoreDivergent by Veronica Roth Essay606 Words   |  3 Pagesgreat leaders in the world today, though many don’t know what it is that makes them great leaders. In the novel Divergent, by Veronica Roth, leadership is not just shown through the main protagonist, but also through the other characters. Four is a character in the book that possesses great leadership skills. He’s dependable and provides good advice, especially to Tris who gets in a lot of troublesome situations. The qualities that make a successful leader are keeping a level head, and being ready to

The Country Of Israel - 1177 Words

Israel is a small country that is located in the Middle East. Surrounding borders include; Jordan, Syria, Palestinian Authority, Lebanon, and Egypt. Most of the population that is currently living there lives on the narrow coastal plain near the Mediterranean Sea to the west (kids.nationalgeographic.com). The coastal plain is parallel to the Mediterranean and is composed of a sandy shoreline bordered by fertile farmland. It also includes major urban centers, deep-water harbors, most of the country’s industry, and a large part of its tourist and agricultural facilities. The total area of Israel is 8,630 sq. miles so due to the small area, mountains, plains, fertile land, and deserts are often minutes apart. The Negev Desert located in†¦show more content†¦Extreme weather includes occasional snowfall and hot and dry winds. Overall the weather ranges from temperate to tropical with plenty of sunshine. Rainfall is heavy in the North and dry summer seasons last for six mon ths (mfa.gov.il/mfa/aboutisrael/land). Israel is the ancient homeland to many Jews. More than six million people live here but most of them are Jewish. Judaism is one of the worlds’ oldest religions. Arabs also live here and most are Muslim. Israel mostly uses the two main languages, hebrew and Arabic. Traditions of Israel date back to the settlements of the Muslim, Ethiopian, Orthodox, and other Christian communities. Strong families and immense patriotism ties in as well. Israel’s diverse culture is from the diversity of the population. Jews all around the world have brought their cultural and religious tradition with them. Israel is the only country in the world where life revolves around the hebrew calendar and the official day of rest is Saturday, the Jewish Sabbath. Israel’s Arab minority has also left its imprint on Israeli culture. Music from all traditions is major cultural aspect. Israeli dance companies such as Bat Dor and Batsheva are acclaimed and traditional dances are features at ce lebrations and ceremonies such as weddings and Bar Mitzvahs. A Bar Mitzvah is the religious initiation ceremony of a Jewish boy who has reached the age of 13 and is ready to observe religious precepts. The same celebration isShow MoreRelatedWhat Is The Country Of Israel In The Middle East1199 Words   |  5 Pagesthe country of Israel, in The Middle East region of the North African/Southwest Asian realm. I will study the main religion of this area, having no experience with Judaism since I was raised Catholic, I decided to go to a Jewish Synagogue. The Jewish service will be something I will experience to try and relate to this region and the people who reside here. In the Bible the word Israel originates from Jacob, Abrahams grandson, who was renamed Israel by the Hebrew God. This small country surroundedRead MoreTransportation : A Small Country, Israel s Primary Mode Of Transportation1276 Words   |  6 PagesTransportation A small country, Israel’s primary mode of transportation is via automobile, and the country is served by a modern road network. Congestion has become a particularly bad problem in the Tel Aviv area, to the point that a government-hired consultancy firm proposed instituting congestion charges for cars entering the city during the busiest part of the day. This kind of system is similar to that used to control traffic in London, Singapore, and Stockholm. Israel Railways, the nation’sRead MorePolitical Prediction In Israel1513 Words   |  7 PagesKANG Prediction Paper-Israel Word Count: 1528 The following analysis is conducted on a three-year time horizon, since the scheduled date for the next Israeli legislative election is November 5, 2019. However, the government could hold early elections if it chooses to do so. Among all four sectors, geopolitical future looks the most worrisome. Political Prediction The continuity of political stability is predictable for a three-year time horizon. The democratic system in Israel is highly developedRead MoreJewish Virtual Library ( Bard, 1998 )1482 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Israel is sought and acknowledged by many people for its religious tides. In this paper the readers will gain extensive knowledge of Israel’s history. In addition, readers will gain information on the challenges that impact the way business is conducted in Israel through current culture and political environments, business ethics, and corruption. As well as, trading, Free Trade Agreements, and trends. Historical Background The country of Israel was founded in early 1948 (Bard, 1998)Read MoreUS Foreign Policy Essay1017 Words   |  5 Pagesdoes in foreign countries. This may include setting new rules or even controlling the countries’ governments. What the US does in other countries usually ends up creating a conflict or an uprising in the region. US foreign policy makes the world very unstable and it causes disagreements between countries. The Israel Lobby has a great deal of negative influence on US foreign policy. The US is also very keen to destroy Wahabbist ideas and to exploit countries’ resources. Read MoreThe History Of Israel1705 Words   |  7 PagesIsrael, a country of only 8.38 million people, has been thriving since its independence in the year 1948. It runs as a vibrant democracy and the Prime Minister, Benjamin Netanyahu, has successfully lead a coalition government consisting of right-leaning and religious parties. This 8,019 square mile country, â€Å"has a modern market economy with a thriving high-technology sector that attracts considerable foreign investment† (heritage.org, 1). Israel is surrounded by much larger and hateful countriesRead More The Arab-Israeli Conflict Essay1311 Words   |  6 Pagesfor many years. There have been many wars, terrorist attacks and peace treaties between Israel and the Arab countries. Through war and Treaties Israel has gained and lost alot of land. There have been 4 major wars between Israel and The Arab countries, as well as terrorist attacks. The reason for many of these attacks include land, claim of the country and anti-semitisem. Israel which is only 8,000 square miles is on the Mediterranean sea which is very good for its Read MoreThe Rise Of Nuclear Weapons1665 Words   |  7 Pagesto the conflict between Israel and Iran. As Israel and Iran have different religious ideologies, this has created tension and conflict to occur, but more recently, in relation to nuclear weaponry, their conflict has worsened into that, of a modern day cold war. Israel follows the religion of Judaism, and those who do not follow or believe in Judaism are ostracized within their society. As stated in the article titled, Religion in the Current Crisis, ‘The state of Israel officially discriminatesRead MoreThe Role Of Politics In Israel1200 Words   |  5 Pages Israel is an extremely valuable ally in a region with significant strategic importance. Strong support from the U.S. provides Israel with more freedom in the region. The ability of the United States to depend on the partnership within an area of so much strife allows them to influence the region with their own interests in mind. Right of entry to their ports in the Mediterranean Sea provides the U.S. easy access to the coastal borders of Egypt and Libya, and working together to counter enemyRead MoreA Mixture Of Historical And Currents Facts About Israel Essay1386 Words   |  6 Pages Global Business Country Profile (Part 1): Getting to Know Israel Autiyonna Johnson February 28, 2016 Global Business 310 This paper examines a mixture of historical and currents facts about Israel. Specifically, the country is placed under the microscope in order to explain history of origin, geographical location, statistical demographics, government structure, and military structure. Together, these findings based on detailed research suggests that Israel is a country rich in complex history

Music Concert Report Essay Example For Students

Music Concert Report Essay The meter was % and the dynamic was mezzo forte. Following Passions, Elizabeth Whimper, a soprano, performed Somebody, Somewhere from The Most Happy Fell by Frank Lesser of the 20th century. This piece had a melody and a meter of 4/4. There was sonata and the piece was pianissimo due to its softness. The third performance was by Fawn Augusta on the piccolo, and Attacks Gewgaw on the piano. They performed Concerto for Piccolo and Orchestra, Pop, 50: l. Andante Common composed by Lowell Liebermann in the 20th century. There was a harmony and a theme. There was also a meter of 2/4 and he piece was fortissimo. The next piece was a piece from Paul Read, called Suite from the Victorian Kitchen; l. Prelude. This was written in the 20th century and had a meter of 2/4. I found this piece to be pianissimo for its soft sounds. As well as having a harmony and variation. The fifth performance was by Strains Alienable; she performed Wedding Day at Dreadnought, by Depraved Grief on the piano. This piece is from the Romantic period. It was written in 1896 as a memorial of the 25th wedding anniversary of Grief and his wife. Depraved was a Norwegian composer and a pianist. The dynamics of this piece is mezzo piano. I found this piece to be mezzo piano due to its moderate softness. The meter seemed to be %, and it had a melody. I distinguished the form as variation. The sixth piece performed was Gig IL sole deal Gang performed by Franà §ois Begging on the bass, and Dry. Maria Asterisked on the piano. The composer of this piece is Alexandra Scarlatti. It was written in the Baroque period. Scarlatti was an Italian Baroque composer; he was famous for his operas and chamber cantatas. The dynamic of this piece was mezzo forte. This is because of its moderate loudness. I found the meter to be 4/4, as well as an absent form. The next performer was Alexander A. Costa playing the trombone, with Attacks Gewgaw on the piano. Together they performed Concerto for Trombone: l. Allegro vice, and II. Andante cantabile. This piece is from the Romantic period and was composed by the Russian composer, Nikolas Rims Karaoke. The dynamics was mezzo piano, with a meter of%. There was a harmony, and the piece was in the form of sonata. The eighth performer was Cattily Tougher on the tenor saxophone, and Attacks Gewgaw on the piano. They performed Contest Caprice composed by Leroy Astronomy. This piece is from the 20th Century. This piece had a 4/4 meter and had a Music Concert Report By Nolan slight theme to the piece as well. Next, Ben Holland (flute), and Attacks Gewgaw (piano) performed Andante in C Major for Flute and Piano. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart composed this piece in the Classical period. This piece contained a melody and harmony, as well as variations. There was a meter of 2/4 and had dynamics of mezzo piano. The tenth performance was How Could I Ever Know? From The Secret Garden. This piece was composed by Lucy Simon in the 20th Century and performed at KICK by Rehab Roth (soprano), and Dry. Maria Associates (piano). This piece is. I distinguished the dynamics as mezzo forte, with a 2/4 meter. There was melody and harmony in this piece, along with sonata. For the next piece, Eric Papa on the clarinet, and Astute Gewgaw on the piano performed Cantonment. Gabriel Pierre composed this piece in the Romantic period. There was a melody and theme, along with the dynamics of forte, and a % meter. Laura Carelessly performed the twelfth piece on the flute. She performed Partial in A Minor; Bourne Angles. Johann Sebastian Bach composed this piece in the Classical period. .u192ce8ddb73ce0d4036b08570f1c24bb , .u192ce8ddb73ce0d4036b08570f1c24bb .postImageUrl , .u192ce8ddb73ce0d4036b08570f1c24bb .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u192ce8ddb73ce0d4036b08570f1c24bb , .u192ce8ddb73ce0d4036b08570f1c24bb:hover , .u192ce8ddb73ce0d4036b08570f1c24bb:visited , .u192ce8ddb73ce0d4036b08570f1c24bb:active { border:0!important; } .u192ce8ddb73ce0d4036b08570f1c24bb .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u192ce8ddb73ce0d4036b08570f1c24bb { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u192ce8ddb73ce0d4036b08570f1c24bb:active , .u192ce8ddb73ce0d4036b08570f1c24bb:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u192ce8ddb73ce0d4036b08570f1c24bb .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u192ce8ddb73ce0d4036b08570f1c24bb .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u192ce8ddb73ce0d4036b08570f1c24bb .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u192ce8ddb73ce0d4036b08570f1c24bb .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u192ce8ddb73ce0d4036b08570f1c24bb:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u192ce8ddb73ce0d4036b08570f1c24bb .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u192ce8ddb73ce0d4036b08570f1c24bb .u192ce8ddb73ce0d4036b08570f1c24bb-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u192ce8ddb73ce0d4036b08570f1c24bb:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Javanese Gamelan music EssayThere was a meter of 4/4, as well as the dynamics of mezzo forte. A melody was present along with sonata and theme. Last but not least, Colic Sector brought down the house on the piano with his performance of FRR ©d ©rich Chopping Revolutionary Etude. Chopin composed this piece in the Romantic era. It had a melody and sonata. The meter is 4/4 and I distinguished the dynamic as forte. In conclusion, the Student Recital Ill at Kowtows University was an enjoyable evening full of great music along with intellectually stimulating experiences of music that I would not have listened to if not for this assignment.

Politics Essay Example

Politics Essay Political Science is the systematic study of the state and government. The word political is derived from the Greek polis, meaning a city, of what today would be equivalent of sovereign state. Science comes from the Latin score, to know Scope of Political Science: 1 _ Political theory 2. Public Law 3. Public Administration Political Theory It refers to the inure body of doctrines relating to the rolling, form, behavior, and purposes of the state are dealt with the study of political theory. Public Law the (a) organization of governments, (b) the limitations upon government authority, (c) the powers and duties of governmental offices and officers, and (d) the obligations of one state to another are handled In the study of public law. Private Laws are the one which govern the relations among individuals, public law is so specialized that separate courses offered in each of its subdivisions, namely: (a) constitutional law, (b) administrative law, and (c) international Law. Public Administration attention Is focused upon methods and techniques used branches of government. N. B, today, legislative bodies have been forced to delegate greater discretion to executive officers responsible for the conduct of government policies and powers. Thus we find many administrative agencies exercising quasi-legislative and quasi- judicial powers. Interrelationship of Political Science with other branches of learning: History History is past politics and politics is present history. Political Scientist adopts a historical approach and employs knowledge of the past when he seeks to interpret present and probable developments in political phenomena. 2. Economics Refers to the study of production, distribution, and conservation, and consumption of wealth. Political Scientist adopts an economic approach when seeking to interpret matters like public financial policies and government regulation of business. 3. Geography Geopolitics We will write a custom essay sample on Politics specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Politics specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Politics specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer It is concerned with the study of the influences of physical factors such as population pressures, sources of raw materials, geography, etc. Upon domestic and foreign politics. 4. Sociology anthropology It is deeply concerned with the origins and nature of social control and governmental authority, with the abiding influences of race and culture upon society, with the patterns of collective human behavior. 5. Psychology It promotes studies of the mental and emotional processes motivating the political behavior of individuals and groups. Particular topics under this are: public pinion, pressure groups, and propaganda. 6. Philosophy in academic philosophy and also to the political scientist. 7. Statistics and Logic Political theorist must have abroad background knowledge of current political problems and he must employ scientific methods in gathering and evaluating the data in drawing conclusions. 8. Jurisprudence This branch of public law is concerned with the analysis of existing legal systems also with the ethical, historical, sociological, psychological foundations of law. Concepts of State Meaning of the State State is a community of persons more or less numerous, permanently occupying a definite portion of territory, having a government of their own to which the great body of inhabitants render obedience, and enjoying freedom from external control. Elements of State: 1. People 2. Territory 3. Government 4. Sovereignty 5. Recognition This refers to the mass of population living within the state. There is no requirement as to the number of people that should compose a state. But it should be neither too small nor too large: small enough to be well-governed and large enough to be self-sufficing. The smallest state is Vatican. China has the largest population. 2. Territory Components of Territory: . Terrestrial/land mass 3. Fluvial 4. Maritime Domain The smallest state is Vatican State with an area of 0. 43 square kilometers. It would fit in Racial Park in Manila. The biggest state is Canada with an area of 3,852,000 square miles which covers a surface nearly as large as Europe. The Philippines has a total land area of about 115,707 square miles . It refers to the agency through which the will of the state is formulated, expressed and carried out. It is the supreme power of the state to command and enforce obedience to its will from people within its Jurisdiction, and to have freedom from foreign control. Two manifestations of Sovereignty: 1. Internal or the power of the state to rule within its territory; 2. External or the freedom of the state to carry out its activities without subjection or control by other states. External sovereignty is often referred to as independence. N. B these internal and external aspects of sovereignty are not absolutely true in practice because of the development of international relations and consequently international law. . Legal sovereignty is the possession of unlimited power to make laws. It is the authority by which law has the power to issue commands. 2. Political sovereignty is the sum total of all the influences in a state which lie behind the law. It is roughly defined as the power of the people. What is emporium? Dominion? Secure obedience thereto, maintain peace and order within its territorial limits, defend the State against foreign invasion, and do any other act of government over its people and territory. Dominion refers to the independent proprietary right of possession, use, conservation, disposition or sale, and control by the State over its territorial lands. How do you treat the Claim of the Philips. Over Saba? Is it emporium or dominion? Answer: It is both emporium and dominion. We seek to own exclusively Saba and in so owning, we have to exercise our sovereignty to govern the same. Characteristics of Sovereignty Permanence; Exclusivity; Comprehensiveness; Absoluteness; Individuality; Inalienability; and Impressibility Permanence means it exist in the same form forever or for a very long time. Exclusivity means it is limited to a group of people. Comprehensiveness means including everything, so as to be complete comprehensive knowledge of the subject. Absoluteness means possessing unlimited power: having total power and authority. Individuality means the state or condition of being separate from others. Inalienability means it is impossible to take away or not able to be transferred or taken away, e. G. Because of being protected by law. Impressibility it means not to be taken away or impossible to remove or violate the peoples imperceptible rights. Governance manner of government: the system or manner of government; 2. Tate of governing a place: the act or state of governing a place; 3. Authority: control or authority It means the management of the affairs of a business, organization, or institution. GOVERNMENT Forms of Government: The principal forms are the following: 1 . As to number of persons exercising sovereign powers; 2. As to extent of powers exercised by the cen tral or national government; 3. As to relationship between the executive and the legislative branches of the government; 4. As to source of power or authority: 1 . As to number of persons exercising sovereign powers: A. Government by one AY) Monarchy or one in which the supreme and final authority is in the hands of a single person without regard to the source of his election or the nature or duration of his tenure. Monarchies are further classified into: Monarchy, form of government in which one person has the hereditary right to rule as head of state during his or her lifetime; the term is also applied to the state so governed. Monarchs include such rulers as kings and queens, emperors and empresses, tsars, and Kaisers. Two types of Monarchical government: 1 . Absolute Monarchy or one in which the ruler rules by divine right; and 2. Limited monarchy or one in which the ruler rules in accordance with a constitution. The power of the monarch varies from absolute to very limited; the latter is AAA Authoritarian or one in which the supreme power of the dictator whose power is usually through force. 1 . Strict and demanding obedience: favoring strict rules and established authority; 2. Demanding political obedience: belonging to or believing in a political system in which obedience to the ruling person or group is strongly enforced. B. Government by few Bal Aristocracy or one in which political power is exercised by few privileged class. . People of highest social class: people of noble families or the highest social class 2. Superior group: a group believed to be superior to all others of the same kind 3. Overspent by elite: government of a country by a small group of people, especially a hereditary nobility 4. State run by elite: a state governed by an aristocracy. 82 Oligarchy 1 . Small governing group: a small gr oup of people who together govern a nation or control an organization, often for their own purposes; 2. Entity ruled by oligarchy: a nation governed or an organization controlled by an oligarchy; 3. Overspent by small group: government or control by a small group of people. Sources of their power: By births. By wealthy. By wisdom In an aristocracy, although the power of government is wielded by a few, hermetically the administration of government is carried on for the welfare of the many. Whenever the interests of the people as a whole are made subservient to the selfish interests of the rulers, aristocracy becomes a form of government known as oligarchy. CLC Democracy or one in which political power is exercised by the majority of the people. It is further classified into: CLC . Direct or pure democracy or one in which the will of the state is formulated or expressed directly and immediately through the people in a mass meeting or primary assembly rather than through the medium of representatives chosen by the people o act for them. CLC . 2 Indirect, representative or republican democracy or one in which the will of the state is formulated and expressed through the agency of a relatively small and select body of persons chosen by the people to act as their representatives. 2. As to extent of powers exercised by the central or national government: A. Unitary government or one in which the control of national and local affairs is exercised by the national government; B. Federal government or one in which the powers of government are divided between two sets of organs, one for national affairs and the other for local affairs, ACH organ being supreme within its own sphere. Didst. Bet. Federal Unitary Covet Federal states, such as the U. S. And Switzerland, comprise unions of states in which the authority of the central or national government is constitutionally limited by the legally established powers of the constituent subdivisions. In unitary states, such as the United Kingdom and Belgium, the constituent subdivisions of the state are subordinate to the authority of the national government. Countries with federal political systems have both a central government and overspent based in smaller political units, usually called states, provinces, or territories. These smaller political units surrender some of their political power to the central government, relying on it to act for the common good. In a federal system, laws are made both by state, provincial, or territorial governments and by a central government. In the United States, for example, people who live in the state of Ohio must obey the laws made by the Ohio legislature and the Congress of the United States. Federal political systems divide power and resources between central and Central governments decide issues that concern the whole country, such as organizing an army, building major roads, and making treaties with other countries. In unitary systems, with laws giving virtually all authority to the central government. The central government may delegate duties to cities or other administrative units, but it retains final authority and can retract any tasks it has delegated. The central government in a unitary system is much more powerful than the central government in a federal system. Government: A. Parliamentary government or cabinet gobo. Is one in which the executive and selective branch of the government are dependent or executive branch is part of the legislative branch. B. Presidential government or one in which the state makes the executive independent from the legislative. Distinctions bet. Presidential Parliamentary In parliamentary governments, of which the United Kingdom, India, and Canada are examples, the executive branch is subordinate to the legislature. In presidential governments, such as in the U. S. , the executive is independent of the legislature, although many of the executives actions are subject to legislative review. A. De facto is one not so constituted or founded with the existing constitution but has the general support of the people and has effective control of the territory over which it exercises its powers. B. De Cure is one which is constituted or founded in accordance with the existing constitution of the state but has no control of the territory. C. Hereditary Elective Checks and Balances, the doctrine and practice of dispersing political power and creating mutual accountability among political entities such as the courts, the president or prime minister, the legislature, and the citizens. The first check comes from the fact that different branches of the government have overlapping authority, so each branch can act as a limit on the other. For example, the president can veto an act of Congress. A two-thirds majority in Congress can then override the presidents veto. The president appoints major federal officials, but only if the Senate by majority vote agrees. Separation of Powers, the doctrine and practice of dividing the powers of a government among different branches to guard against abuse of authority. A government of separated powers assigns different political and legal powers o the legislative, executive, and Judicial branches. The legislative branch has the power to make laws. The executive branch has the authority to administer the law†primarily by bringing lawbreakers to trial†and to appoint officials and oversee the administration of government responsibilities. The Judicial branch has the power to try cases brought to court and to interpret the meaning of laws under which the trials are conducted. A government of separated powers is less likely to be tyrannical and more likely to follow the rule of law: the principle that government action must be constrained by saws. A separation of powers can also make a political system more democratic by making it more difficult for a single ruler, such as a monarch or a president, to become dictatorial. The division of powers also prevents one branch of government from dominating the others or dictating the laws to the public. Most democratic systems have some degree of separation of powers. POLITICAL IDEOLOGIES Liberalism, attitude, philosophy, or movement that has as its basic concern the development of personal freedom and social progress. The course of liberalism in a given country is usually conditioned by the character